Ask a Doctor

Mark S. Brown, MD
Midtown Obstetrics and Gynecology
270 East Town Street
Columbus, Ohio 43215
Phone: (614) 224-0115

Q: What causes morning sickness and how do I keep it in check? When do I need to call my doctor?

A: Nausea and vomiting are among the first signs of pregnancy. Though it is called "morning sickness" because it usually occurs in the morning, it can occur any time of the day (or even all day). Fifty to seventy percent of all pregnant women experience nausea or vomiting, but in most cases it goes away by the end of the third month of pregnancy. The cause is unknown, but is probably related to changing levels of hormones.
           
Here are some suggestions for preventing or relieving nausea and vomiting:

• Eat smaller, more frequent meals – 6 meals a day, even if you don't feel like eating. The nausea may be worse with an empty stomach. A bedtime snack may be helpful.
• If you wake up feeling sick, eat a few crackers or some dry cereal before getting out of  bed. Then get up slowly. Many moms need to eat before brushing their teeth.
• Starchy foods such as crackers, toast, bread, rice cakes, bagels, unbuttered popcorn, pretzels, cereal, pasta and baked potatoes will usually sit well in your stomach. Carry crackers or pretzels in your purse.
• Drink lots of water and other beverages between, but not during meals.  Wait at least 30 minutes after eating before drinking fluids.
• Avoid fried, greasy, or spicy foods. Avoid foods with strong odors.
• Keep a diary of when you vomit. Many mothers are able to identify foods, odors or activities that trigger nausea.
• Avoid caffeine and cigarette smoke.
• It is okay to delay taking your prenatal vitamin in the morning until morning sickness has passed.
• Ginger can help. Ginger ale, ginger snap cookies, or crystallized ginger (available at Whole Foods, Asian groceries, and some candy stores) are good sources. Ginger capsules are also available—250 mg. 4 times a day.
• Over-the-counter medications such as Benadryl (25 mg. every 4-6 hours as needed) and Vitamin B6 (100 mg. at bedtime) help some women. They have been used for years and are safe for the baby. Talk with your doctor first.
• "Sea bands" or "dive bands," an elastic bracelet available at most pharmacies, are another drug-free alternative. These were originally developed for motion sickness, and work by the same principle as acupressure.

If vomiting occurs over 24 hours and you cannot retain any food or fluids, call your doctor. It is important that you do not become dehydrated.